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How to Replace Window Panes

A damaged or cracked window can be a nuisance. This could be an opportunity to upgrade your windows to energy efficient or insulated ones and enjoy benefits like increased comfort, higher resale value and lower utility costs.

This is a project you could take on yourself for a fraction of the cost of hiring a professional. You'll need only the right tools and a few minutes of your time.

Glass

If your single pane windows are old damaged, cracked or deteriorating replacing them with modern insulated or tempered glass can increase energy efficiency and decrease noise while also preserving the original character of older homes. A majority of homeowners with hand tools can replace a window pane. You will also need an additional window pane, glazier's tips pliers, and latex glaze putty. If needed you may use a heating gun to warm the old putty. Before beginning, wear protective gloves and goggles since working with broken glass could cause injuries.

Begin by removing any remaining broken pieces of glass. It is recommended to use pliers for this, but a flathead can work equally. Then, use a wooden chisel or putty knife to take the remainder of the old putty from around the frame and the sash. Take your time and work slowly, taking care not to damage the old window sash. This can be done best on a ladder, not the ground. Also, have someone below the sash hold it steady.

After you have removed all of the old putty, you can prepare the window frame to accommodate the new pane. Find the width and the height of the sash opening by subtracting 1/8 inch from each measurement (to allow for seasonal expansion and contraction). These measurements can be sent to a hardware or home center store to have cut a piece of glass stock to the proper size. You can cut the glass yourself if you possess the appropriate tools.

After installing the glass, apply some caulking on the edges. This will make the glass weatherproof. Install a glazier's point on both sides of the frame. This will help secure the pane. The points should not be so tight that they cause friction between the sash and the frame, but they also shouldn't be too loose.

Before putting the putty on, knead it thoroughly until it is smooth and free of lumps. Then make it into pencil-sized strips. Apply the first strip to the corner of the frame, working from one corner to the other so that it is even and smooth.

Glazier's Points

The glazier's points are tiny triangular pieces of steel which help to secure glass into the frame of a window without damaging or scratching the delicate surface. Knowing how to use these little helpers is easy and can save you money on professional installation or the cost of new glass.

After taking off the old putty, glazier points and any residue clean the frame thoroughly with an utility knife. If necessary it is necessary to lightly sand the wood along rabbet grooves to smooth out rough areas. If you do sand your wood, be sure to protect it with painter's tack to avoid accidental damage.

Take measurements of the empty frame and write down accurate measurements. These measurements can be taken to a home center or hardware store and the new pane will be cut slightly smaller. This will ensure that the pane fits comfortably and allows for expansion and contraction.

Place the new pane in the frame and push it in place with your hand. Make use of the point of the chisel or the back of the putty blade to smudge the glazier's points as shown in Figure 11. The glazier's points should be aligned with the top edge of your pane and the raised shoulders should be just below the lip.

Apply a thin layer of glazing compound to the rabbet grooves and edges of new glass. This will protect and seal the edges. Allow it to dry and cure completely.

Install the new window sash when the glazing compound has dried. First, saturate the wood with a heavy coat of Linseed oil. This will keep the new putty from sucking up the moisture and drying out and cracking over time. Apply the coat using a brush or the edge of your putty knife, and then use the chisel, or the back end of the knife to gently hammer in the new sash and glazier's points into the rabbet grooves. Repeat this procedure every 10 inches along the frame's perimeter.

Putty

A baseball thrown, a rock thrown in error or a branch falling could result in a broken or cracked window. Most Windows Replacement Glass can be replaced by putting in a new piece. The glass is held in position by a small metal clip, called the glazier's point, and putty. This compound is also called glazing compound. Remove the old pane and clean the area with a rag, a pull-type scraper, or a wood chisel. Wear protective glasses and gloves while you do this work. You'll need a heating gun in the event that the window is glued into the frame.

If you are planning to replace the original sash in the future, take care to remove any pieces of molding that hold the old pane in place. Then, sand the sash to make sure it's flat and ready for a new caulk. Once the sash is reinstalled then, you can apply a silicone caulk on the glass. This will ensure that it doesn't get soiled or discolor over time.

Remove the glazing points in the rabbets. These are the grooves on the sash where the glass is located. If they're hard to chisel, hold a hand tool like a heat gun over them to allow them to soften before. When using a heating tool, be sure to not scratch the sash and its railings.

Once the old glazing points and putty have been removed make a bed for the new pane. Roll a rope of glazing compound between your hands, forming it to be about 1/2-inch thick. Then, push it into the rabbets, where the glass will rest. The glass must be positioned against the putty on both sides. If necessary you want to tap your glass lightly into the rabbet with your thumb.

If the new pane is damaged, you can use a silicone caulk or a glass glue that is based on solvents to cover the crack before pressing it in the sash. Otherwise, you'll need to putty over the crack to create a tight seal and keep water out. Once the putty is dry, wipe the oily film off the glass and let it dry completely before painting. If you paint before the putty has completely dry, it won't form a strong seal and may be leaking or discoloring in time.

Paint

If you've suffered a break in a window pane, you may be worried about the cost of a new one. However, replacing one glass pane does not require a huge amount of money if you do it yourself. In fact windows with double glazing replacement windows panes can be replaced for a fraction of the cost of an expert.

First, if you are working on a large window, ensure that it is securely attached to the frame. This job can be made relatively simple and fast using the right tools and techniques.

When you are ready to start with the removal of the window pane. Pry out the metal glazing points attached to it. These are tiny triangles of metal that act as "nails" that hold the window in the frame. They are placed under a bead or glazing putty that hardens to solid wedge which holds the wood frame in place and conceals the edges.

After removal of the old pane clean the frame and the wood. Scrape off any old paint and sand down the rabbet grooves where the glazing points were placed. They should be sanded to the point of being bare, so that you can paint them the same color as the rest of the frame. After sanding the wood, apply a layer of flax oil. This will help prolong the life of the frame.

Next, measure the dimensions of the window opening. You will need to take horizontal and vertical measurements of the entire opening, as well as the thickness of the old pane. To get the exact size of the new pane, subtract 1/8 inch from both measurements. This will also allow for expansion and contraction of the glass during seasonal changes. You can bring these measurements to a hardware or home improvement shop and have the glass cut for you.

Now, it's time to bed the new window pane. To do this, place the pane inside the frame and move it around until a 1/16 inch of putty remains between the edge of the glass and the sash on all four sides. Use a putty knife to smear the putty evenly, making sure that there isn't an excessive amount of excess putty in the corners and along the edges. When the putty dries, it can be painted with the same color as the frame to prevent water and air from leaking into the frame and causing fogging.