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Meds That Treat Anxiety

Anxiety is one of the most frequent mental health problems, affecting 40 million adults in the United States. A variety of medications are available to treat anxiety.

SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), like Zoloft, Prozac, Lexapro and Effexor, work to alleviate anxiety by raising levels of the chemical serotonin in the brain. Unlike benzodiazepines, they're not addictive.

SSRIs

The most commonly used anxiety medication is selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) which include citalopram (Celexa), escitalopram (Lexapro) and fluoxetine (Prozac). These drugs are also used to treat depression and relieve symptoms of anxiety disorders like obsessive compulsive disorder. It could take up to one month for them to begin working.

These drugs work by increasing the amount of certain chemical transmitters that are present in the brain. This includes serotonin and norepinephrine as well as dopamine. These are typically the first option to treat anxiety, though doctors may prescribe other forms of antidepressants and benzodiazepines.

Antidepressants such as duloxetine, (Cymbalta) and venlafaxine (Effexor) are also used for anxiety. They operate a bit differently from SSRIs in that they reduce the reabsorption of norepinephrine and serotonin, but at lower levels than SSRIs. These medicines may take some time to take effects, and also are more expensive than SSRIs.

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) like imipramine (Tofranil) are effective in treating certain anxiety disorders, particularly GAD. Their drowsiness, along with other side effects, make them less popular. Another kind of antidepressant, monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) can be used to combat anxiety. However, their restrictions on diet and the risk of toxicity limit their usage.

Benzodiazepines are frequently used to treat anxiety and panic attacks in the short term like when you wait for SSRIs or SNRIs to kick in. These drugs can trigger tolerance addiction, sedation, and withdrawal reactions that include rebound anxiety, depression and even delirium. Benzodiazepines can be found in alprazolam as well as clonazepam and lorazepam.

Therapy is a crucial component of an anxiety treatment plan as it can help you discover more about the symptoms and the reasons. Many people find that both therapy and medication aid them manage their anxiety. Some studies have shown that cognitive behavioral therapy can be just as effective as medications for anxiety. Consult your physician to determine what is the best treatment for social anxiety option for you.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines can have a calming effect, reduce anxiety and relax muscles that are tight. They also ease symptoms of bodily arousal due to fear (like heart racing and trembling) and encourage sleep.

The way they function is through binding to inhibitory neurotransmitters, such as gamma-aminobutryic acid or GABA which is a receptor in the central nervous system. They increase the effects of GABA by facilitating the inhibitory effect of GABA on other neurotransmitters and reducing the number of messages sent to amygdala. This is a region of the brain that is able ways to treat anxiety without medication detect the threat and triggers a feeling of anxiety.

These drugs can be used for short durations of time like when panic attacks occur or when you experience extreme anxiety. They may ease symptoms within 30 to 90 minutes of taking them. Unlike SSRIs they don't stay in the body for long. They're fast-acting and usually work in a matter of hours, which makes them ideal for situations when you require quick relief (like during an airplane flight or before an address in public).

They are addictive, and it is recommended to only prescribe them for up to four weeks at a time. They also lose effectiveness after a certain period of time.

One of the reasons why the benzodiazepines became so well-known is that they were effective and had a few adverse effects, when compared to their predecessors like meprobamate and barbiturates. They are efficient and have a rapid onset, and can be employed as anxiolytics to decrease anxiety. They can also be employed as sedatives, anticonvulsants, and muscle relaxants.

Benzos were blamed for the negative attitudes towards anxiety treatment for autism - www.mecosys.com - that developed during the 1970s and 80s which included the reduction of the disorder and the belief that benzodiazepine treatment result in physical dependence. Despite this the fact that benzodiazepines play a significant role in the treatment for anxiety disorders, particularly when they are combined with psychosocial interventions, such as cognitive behavioral therapy or interpersonal therapies.

Benzos may interact with other medications and cause undesirable side effects, such as drowsiness and disorientation. It is essential to inform your doctor be aware of any other prescription, non-prescription or herbal medicines you're considering or taking. Take a look at the British National Formulary A to Z list of medication interactions to find out which medicines are safe to take with benzodiazepines.

Antidepressants

Antidepressants can reduce anxiety and other mental health issues. According to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America, antidepressants -- like SSRIs and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) -- can help reduce chronic anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorders and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The FDA has approved antidepressants for other health issues, such as bipolar disorder, eating disorders and certain types of pain.

The majority of doctors prescribe SSRIs as the first line treatment for anxiety, but these medications may not be appropriate for everyone. If these antidepressants aren't working doctors may suggest an older form of medication called a tetracyclic or tricyclic antidepressant. They include amitriptyline, nortriptyline and clomipramine. These antidepressants are not as popular but they are still accessible. Your doctor may also prescribe the sedating antidepressant trazodone (Desyrel) in lower doses for sleep or anxiety.

Other antidepressants that could help include nefazodone (Ferdinand) and duloxetine (Cymbalta). These medications are also available in generic form. If they aren't helping your doctor, he may suggest the antipsychotics quetiapine and Olanzapine or the tranquilizing antidepressant Mirtazapine.

Other medications for anxiety disorders include beta blockers that reduce the blood pressure and heart rate by blocking the actions of adrenaline. These drugs aren't usually used to treat anxiety by themselves however they can be helpful when used in conjunction with psychotherapy.

Psychological therapy can help you change negative thoughts and behavior patterns that cause anxiety. It can help you manage your anxiety and develop how to cope. Based on the severity of your situation, exposure therapy or cognitive behavior therapy could be suggested. Cognitive behavioral therapy helps you to confront negative and fearful thoughts and overcome your fear of situations that cause anxiety. Exposure therapy is the process of increasing the anxiety provoking situations until they are manageable. It can be done either individually or in a small group. In both cases, it takes time to show results. A combination of medication and psychotherapy therapy is the best choice for some individuals. Some people find that medication alone is enough to manage their symptoms. It's important to tell your doctor what you're doing to control your symptoms.

Other Medications

Other drugs can also help alleviate your symptoms. Antihistamines, beta blockers, and buspirone are all prescribed to ease anxiety.

These medications can help ease your symptoms, by lowering or blocking the signals that trigger anxiety and stress. They are not a panacea. You will still need to do things to reduce anxiety, like physical exercise, relaxation techniques and psychological therapy.

Your doctor may initially prescribe one of the "first choices" anxiety medication, which includes SSRIs and SNRIs. According to research, these drugs are the most effective for treating anxiety disorders. Common SSRIs include sertraline (Zoloft), fluoxetine (Prozac) and Citropram (Celexa) and escitalopram (Lexapro). These drugs may cause mild side effects, such as insomnia or nausea, but they typically disappear within 4-8 weeks. They are not addictive, and they do not increase the likelihood of suicidal thoughts.

The benzodiazepines alprazolam (Xanax) as well as Clonazepam (Klonopin) and diazepoxide (Valium) provide immediate relief for anxiety and panic attacks however they can also cause negative effects such as dizziness, drowsiness, memory and coordination problems, and dependence. These are less popular than older barbiturates but are equally effective.

Antihistamines such as Vistaril (hydroxyzine) were initially developed to relieve allergies. However they can also be used to alleviate anxiety symptoms. Hydroxyzine block histamine receptors within the brain, and can trigger the body to relax. It's not a controlled drug, so it doesn't have the same risks of addiction like benzodiazepines.

Anticonvulsants are an additional kind of medication that can be used to treat anxiety. They have been shown to reduce anxiety by inhibiting the production of and release dopamine and sérotonin. These medications are often prescribed as a part of a combination therapy or used to treat anxiety in the short term. Your doctor will review your medical history and symptoms to determine if these drugs are suitable for you. They will also discuss the duration of time you'll need these medicines and any potential side effects that may occur. Anxiety medications can only be purchased with a prescription, so you'll need to visit a psychiatrist before you can get these medications.